Sunday, February 6, 2011

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE


1.Kalimat active   = kalimat yang kata kerjanya diartikan "ME"
2.Kalimat passive = kalimat yang kata kerjanya diartikan "DI"


Active = S + V + O
Examples :
1.I sweep the floor
2.You clean the blackboard
3.We read the magazine
4.They cook some rice
5.He listens to music
6.She sings keroncong song
7.Vita writes the letter
8.My mother eats meatball
9.Your mother drinks a glass of milk
10.Our sister watches TV


Passive = S + TOBE + V-3 + BY O
Examples :
1.The floor is swept by me
2.The black board is cleaned by you
3.A magazine is read by us
4.Some rice are cooked by them
5.The music is listened by him
6.A keroncong song is sung by her
7.The letter is written by Vita
8.The meatball is eaten by my mother
9.A glass of milk is drunk by your mother
10.The TV is watched by our sister

Friday, February 4, 2011

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

Suatu perbuatan yang sudah selesai dilakukan pada waktu tertentu

Pola kalimat
( + ) S + Have + V-3 + O
              Has
( - ) S + Have + not + V-3 + O
              Has
( ? ) Have + S + V-3 + O
       Has


Ket waktu
1.For a year
2.For a month
3.Since yesterday
4.Since two days ago
5.for a week


examples :
1.I have spoken English for a year
2.You have played football for a week
3.We have made a cake  since two days ago
4.He has eaten meatball since yesterday
5.Cika has studied English for a month


( + ) Cika has studied English for a month
(  - ) Cika hasn't studied English for a month
( ? ) Has Cika studied English for a month?

Thursday, February 3, 2011

ASKING FOR AND GIVING SERVICE

ASKING FOR AND GIVING SERVICE



1.Do you mind + V-ing
2.Would you mind + V-ing


Examples :
1.Do you mind bringing some of these books please?
Sure


2.Would you mind helping me?
Of course


3.Do you mind bringing my dictionary?
No,I don't


4.Would you mind drinking the coffee?
Sure

5.Do you mind telling me about your holiday?
Sure


6.Would you mind drinking your juice first?
Sure,with my pleasure


7.Would you mind passing me the book please?
Okay 


8.Do you mind lending me your book please?
Sure,here you are


9.Would you mind taking my pen?
I'm sorry,I'm busy


10.Do you mind eating the meatball please?
sure

Wednesday, February 2, 2011

ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

Adjective clause adalah : Anak kalimat yang berfungsi sebagai adjective yang digunakan 
untuk menjelaskan kata benda sebelumnya


Kalimat:
1.He watches TV
2.Ticka sweeps the floor
3.Vita cleans the black board 


Adjective clause:
1.Who watches TV
2.Who sweeps the floor
3.Who cleans the black board


Induk kalimat:
1.The man is my father
2.The woman is my mother
3.The girl is my friend


Induk kalimat : Kalimat yang bisa berdiri sendiri
Anak kalimat : Kalimat yang tidak bisa berdiri sendiri 
                          kecuali kalau digabung dengan anak kalimat


1. The man who watches TV is my father
2. The woman who is sweeps the floor is my mother
3. The girl who cleans the black board is my friend

Tuesday, February 1, 2011

GERUND

GERUND


Gerund adalah : Kata kerja yang dibendakan


Gerund berfungsi sebagai :
1.Subject
2.Object of verb
3.Object of preposition
4.Subjective complement
5.Noun adjunct


1.Contoh gerund sebagai subject 
a.Playing is happy
b.Eating is very important
c.Studying is my hobby
d.Talking is very easy
e.Making of adsense is very difficult


2.Contoh gerund sebagai object of verb
a.My mother likes eating meatball
b.She likes cooking rice
c.Your father likes making a kite
d.Their friend likes playing football
e.I like reading magazine


3.Contoh gerund sebagai object of preposition
a.I am so excited in studying English
b.I am so excited in visiting my uncle
c.I am so excited in reading holy Qur'an
d.I am so excited in eating meatball
e.I am so excited in accompanying my mother


4.Contoh gerund sebagai subjective complement
a.My hobby is studying English
b.My hobby is eating meatball
c.My hobby is Visiting my uncle
d.My hobby is reading holy Qur'an
e.My hobby is accompanying my mother


5.Contoh gerund sebagai noun adjunct
a.Studying English area
b.Eating meatball area
c.Joining trainers area
d.Reading holy Qur'an area
e.Visiting my uncle area

Monday, January 31, 2011

QUESTION WORD

QUESTION WORD
( kata tanya )


Macam - macam kata tanya:
1.What       : Apa
2.Who        : Siapa ( subject )
3.Whom     : Siapa ( object )
4.Whose    : Milik siapa
5.When      : Kapan
6.Where     : Di mana / ke mana
7.Which     : Yang mana
8.Why        : Mengapa
9.How        : Bagaimana


Contoh pertanyaan dan jawaban Question word dlm B.Inggris
1.What do you study?
I study English
2.Who studies English?
I study English
3.Whom does teacher teach?
Teacher teaches me
4.Whose pen is this?
This is my pen
5.When do you study English?
I study English everyday
6.Where do you study English?
I study English in the school
7.Which one do you prefer,English or mathematics?
I prefer English to mathematics 
8.Why do you like English?
I like English because it is very important
9.How do you study English?
I study English hardly

Sunday, January 23, 2011

TENSES

TENSES


Tenses adalah perubahan kata kerja yang dipengaruhi oleh kata keterangan waktu

Jumlah tenses ada 16 yaitu:
01.Simple present tense
02.Present continuous tense
03.Present perfect tense
04.Present perfect continuous tense
05.Simple past tense
06.Past continuous tense
07.Past perfect tense
08.Past perfect continuous tense
09.Simple future tense
10.Future continuous tense
11 Future perfect tense
12.Future perfect continuous tense
13.Simple past future tense
14.Past future continuous tense
15.Past future perfect tense
16.Past future perfect continuous tense

Saturday, January 22, 2011

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE



Simple present tense adalah suatu perbuatan yang terjadi pada waktu lampau


Formula
( + ) S + V2 + O
(  - ) S + did + not + V1 + O
( ? )Did + S + V1 + O


Examples :
( + )She studied English last night
(  - )She didn't study English last night
( ? )Did she study English last night?




VERB
01.Speak - spoke = berbicara
02.Write - wrote = menulis
03.Read - read = menulis
04.Give - gave = memberi
05.Teach - taught = mengajar
06.Eat - ate = makan
07.Sweep - swept = menyapu
08.Play - played = bermain
09.Drink - drank = minum
10.Make - made = membuat
11.Forget - forgot = melupakan
12.Wash - washed = mencuci
13.Swim -swam = bernang
14.Call - called = memanggil
15.Cut - cut = memotong


Adverb of time
01.Yesterday
02.Yesterday morning
03.Yesterday afternoon
04.Yesterday evening
05.Two days ago
06.Two weeks ago
07.Two months ago
08.Two years ago
09.An hour ago
10.Two hours ago
11.This morning
12.Last night
13.Last week
14.Last month
15.Last year

Friday, January 21, 2011

SENTENCE

SENTENCE
( kalimat )


Kalimat adalah susunan dari beberapa kata yang mempunyai arti 
dan terdiri dari unsur subyek dan prediket.
Kalimat dibagi menjadi dua yaitu:
1.Verbal : kalimat yang prediketnya menggunakan kata kerja
2.Nominal : kalimat yang prediketnya tidak menggunakan kata kerja

VERBAL : S + VERB S/ES+ O ( + )
                    S + DO/DOES + NOT + O ( - )
                    DO/DOES + SUBJECT + VERB + O ( ? )


NOMINAL : S + TOBE + ANA ( + )
                      S + TOBE + NOT + ANA ( - )

                      TOBE + S + ANA ( ? )


ANA : adjective,noun,adverb


Examples:
VERBAL
1.Nizam drives a car
2.Very ears a plate of rice
3.Izza swims in the swimming pool
4.Ustadzah misses her mother
5.Mery goes to school


NOMINAL
1.I am a student
2.You are clever
3.She is in the class room 
4.He is handsome
5.Pasha is a singer

Thursday, January 20, 2011

POSSESIVE ADJECTIVE

POSSESIVE ADJECTIVE

Possesive adjective ialah kata ganti milik yang diikuti kata benda.
1.MY
2.YOUR
3.OUR
4.THEIR
5.HIS
6.HER
7.IT'S
8.PASHA'S


Examples:
01.MY MOTHER makes a cake every time
02.YOUR UNCLE eats noodle every day 
03.OUR FATHER brings a bag every week
04.THEIR SON sweeps the floor every month
05.HIS GRAND FATHER listens music every year
06.HER SISTER reads the magazine every Sunday
07.MY AUNT cooks porridge every Monday
08.YOUR YOUNG BROTHER plays football every Tuesday
09.OUR DAUGHTER studies English every Wednesday
10.PASHA'S baby drinks a glass of milk every Thursday

Wednesday, January 19, 2011

MENANYAKAN SUBJECT DAN OBJECT

MENANYAKAN SUBJECT DAN OBJECT


Examples:
1.OUR TEACHERS give them bread
Who gives them bread?
2.HIS MOTHER is giving them bread
Who is giving bread?
3.WILDAN'S UNCLE gave them bread
Who did give them bread?
4.SUSI has given them bread
Who has given them bread?
5.WE will give them bread
Who will give them bread?
6.They bring FOOD every morning
What do they bring every morning?
7.They are bringing BOOK now
What are they bring now?
8.They have brought PEN
What have they brought?
9.They brought BAG yesterday morning
What did they bring yesterday morning?
10.They will bring DICTIONARY tomorrow
What will  they bring tomorrow?

Sunday, January 16, 2011

SHOWING DIRECTION

SHOWING DIRECTION




I.Asking direction
  1.Can you tell me the way to post office?
  2.Can you tell me where is the Tangsi market please?
  3.How can I get to the post office?
  4.Can you help me,how to find this address?
  5.Can you help me,to find this address?


II.Replied
  1.Sure
  2.With pleasure
  3.Of course


III.Vocabularies
  01.Go straight on                                     = lurus
  02.Go straight head                                 = lurus
  03.Follow the street                                 = lurus
  04.Go up the street                                  = naik jalan itu
  05.Go down the street                            = turun jalan itu
  06.Turn left                                                 = belok kiri
  07.Turn right                                              = belok kanan
  08.Take you turn                                       = putar balik
  09.Bridge turn left                                     = jembatan belok kiri
  10.T-junction                                              = pertigaan
  11.Cross road                                            = perempatan
  12.It's in front of you                                = di depanmu
  13.It's about 3 houses from here          = sekitar 3 rumah dari sini
  14.Sorry I don't know arround here     = maf saya tidak tahu daerah sini
  15.Take you around here                        = bundaran


IV.Asking about showing direction
 A : Hello good morning
 B : Morning
 A : Can you tell me where is the Delegan beach please?
 B : Yes of course
       From PEC,you straight on about 50 meters, you turn left until 
       you find cross road
       Then you turn left,after that you straight on about 3 kilo meters,
        you can see Delegan beach on the left street.
 A : How long can I arrive there?
 B : About ten minutes by motorcycle
 A : And then do you know the way to WBL?
 B : From Delegan beach,you straight on until you find cross road,
        you turn right
       and straight on about 8 kilo meters,you can see WBL
       in front of Maharani zoo and goa
 A : Ok,thank you for your information
 B : You are welcome.

Saturday, January 15, 2011

INTRODUCING

INTRODUCING




Hi.......Good afternoon!
Let me introduce my self to you / I would like to introduce my self to you.


01.What is your name?
My name is Ustadzah
02.How old are you?
I am 13 years old
03.What class are you in?
I am in the second years of Islamic junior high school
04.What are you?
I am a student
05.Where do you live?
I live in Ngimboh village
06.When were you born?
I was born on 9th of October 1997
07.Where were you born?
I was born in Gresik
08.What is your hobby?
My hobby is reading
09.What do you want to be?
I want to be an English teacher
10.How do you go to school?
I go to school on foot
Thank you very much for your full attention good bye

Friday, January 14, 2011

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
*It describes the characteristic thing,someone,or place


Examples:
MY PET
       I have a pet,it is a dog and I call it Brownie.Brownie is Chinese breed.It is small,fluffy and cute. It has got thick fur.When I cuddle it,the fur fells soft.Brownie doesn't like bones,everyday,it eats soft food like steamed rice,fish or bread.
       Every morning,I give her milk and bread.When I am at school,Brownie plays with my cat.They get a long well and never fight may be because Brownie doesn't bark a lot.It treats the other animals in our house gently.And it never eats shoes.Brownie is really cute and friendly animal.

Analysis
1. Noun tertentu : My pet
                                  Dog
2. Simple present : All ( Brownie plays with my cat )
3. Detailed noun phrases : Brownie is Chinese breed
                                               Brownie is really cute and friendly animal
4. Descriptive adjective   : small,fluffy,cute,thick,soft,friendly 

Thursday, January 13, 2011

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE
 ( ungkapan sehari-hari )



01. What happens?                                                   = Ada apa?
02. Wait a minute!                                                      = Tunggu sebentar
03. Wait a moment!                                                    = Tunggu sebentar
04. It's none of your business                                = Ini bukan urusanmu
05. Hurry up / be quickly                                          = Cepatlah
06. Keep it clean!                                                        = Jagalah kebersihan
07. Shut up!                                                                 =  Diamlah
08. Switch on the lamp!                                            = Nyalakan lampunya
09. Switch off the lamp!                                            = Matikan lampunya
10. What a pity of you                                                = Betapa bodohnya kamu
11. Oh my god!                                                            = Oh tuhanku
12.  Good willing!                                                        = Insya Allah
13. Please,pay attention!                                          = Perhatikanlah
14. Go way!                                                                  = Pergilah
15. Move a bit!                                                             = Geser sedikit
16. Don't be bother of that!                                      = Tidak usah repot-repot
17. Don't disturb me!                                                 = Jangan ganggu aku
18. Why are you so soon?                                       = Kemapa kamu 
                                                                                            terburu-buru
19. I love you just the way you are                         = Aku mencintaimu 
                                                                                            apa adanya
20. Receive me as me!                                               = Terimalah aku apa 
                                                                                             adanya
21. What time is it now?                                            = Jam berapa sekarang?
22. The time is up/ over                                             = Waktunya habis
23. The time is limited                                                = Waktunya terbatas
24. Please, come forward!                                        = Majulah
25. Take it easy                                                            = Santai aja
26. Take it or leavit                                                      = Jangan buang 
                                                                                             kesempatan
27. I am in hurry                                                            = Saya terburu-buru
28. Don't take it personal                                           = Jangan tersinggung
29. What's going on?                                                  = Ada apa?
30. What's wrong?                                                       = Ada apa?

Wednesday, January 12, 2011

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE


Conditional sentence :kalimat pengandaian yang terdiri dari main clause
                                           dan if clause.If clause berisi syarat yang harus
                                           dipenuhi agar keadaan yang terdapat di main
                                           clause bisa terwujud.
Dalam conditional sentence ada tiga tipe,yaitu:
1.Type I
2.Type II
3.Type III


1.Conditional sentence type I
    If + simple present + simple future
A.Fungsi : mengandaikan sesuatu yang besar kemungkinannya bisa
                     terwujud karna syaratnya terpenuhi.
Example:If I have much money, I will buy car.


2.Conditional sentence type II
    If + simple past + simple future
A.Fungsi : mengandaikan sesuatu yang berlawanan dengan kenyataan 
                     sekarang.
Example:If you studied hard,you would pass the exam.
                 ( kenyataannya anda sekarang tidak belajar )

B.Fungsi : mengandaikan sesuatu yang tidak diharapkan kejadiannya.
Example:If a burglar came to my house,I would catch him.
                 (tetapi kita tidak berharap seorang maling datang )


3.Conditional sentence type III
    If + past perfect + past future perfect
A.Fungsi : mengandaikan sesuatu yang tidak mungkin terlaksana                   
                     karna syaratnya tidak terpenuhi di masa lampau.
Example:If you had invited me,I would have come to your party
                 ( kenyataannya anda tidak mengundang di pesta yang lewat )

Tuesday, January 11, 2011

QUESTION TAQ

QUESTION TAQ


Question taq : pertanyaan pendek di akhir kalimat yang fungsinya untuk meminta penegasan.


Examples:
1.Pasha is handsome,isn't he?         ( betul )
                                       isn't Pasha?    ( salah : harus menggunakan personal pronoun )
                                       is not he?         ( salah : tobe harus disingkat )
                                       is not Pasha?  ( salah )
2.She is not cruel,is she?
3.I am English teacher,aren't I ?
4.I am not student,am I ?
5.We study English,don't we?
6.She doesn't visit me,does she?
7.I went to Yogya yesterday,didn't I?
8.I didn't go to Surabaya,did I?
9.We are not beautiful,are we?
10.She is patient,isn't she?

Monday, January 10, 2011

ELIPTIC STRUCTURE

ELIPTIC STRUCTURE


To tell about positive sentence we can use
1.So + Auxiliary / tobe + subject
2.Subject + Auxiliary / tobe + too


Examples:
1.The girl is beautiful,so is Rani.
2.The girl is beautiful,Rani is too.

3.The teacher explains the lesson clearly,so does Mr.John.

4.The teacher explains the lesson clearly,Mr.John does too.

To tell about negative form.
1.Neither + Auxiliary / tobe + subject
2.Subject + Auxiliary / tobe + either


Examples:
1.Budi is not handsome,neither is Rudin.
2.Budi is not handsome,Rudin is not either.


3.We don't study Biology,neither does John.
4.We don't study Biology,John does either.


Saturday, January 8, 2011

Question word in simple present and simple past

Question word in simple present and simple past




What : For asking "subject" ( noun )
             For asking "predicate"
             For asking "object" ( noun )
Who  : For asking "subject" ( person )
Whom : For asking "object" ( person )
Why  : For asking "reason"
Which : For asking "choosing"


1.Menanyakan subject dalam simple present
    Qw + verb-1 (s/es) + ..........


2.Menanyakan subject dalam simple past
    Qw + verb-2 +........


3.Menanyakan selain subject
    Qw + aux + s + verb-1 + ...........

Friday, January 7, 2011

DEGRES OF COMPARASION

DEGRES OF COMPARASION


1.Positive degree : as + adjective + as = perbandingan tingkat setara
2.Comparative degree : adjective + er + than
                                           more + adjective + than = perbandingan tingkat lebih
3.Superlative degree :the + adjective + est
                                      the + most + adjective = perbandingan tingkat paling.


1.Ciri kata yang mendapatkan penambahan "er dan est"
   a. Kata itu terdiri dari satu suku kata.
      Positive                   Comparative                        Superlative
      -Big                          -Bigger                                  -Biggest
      -Tall                          -Taller                                    -Tallest


  b. Kata itu terdiri dari satu suku kata dan berakhiran "some,ow,le,er,y"
    Positive                      Comparative                        Superlative
    -handsome                 -handsomer                          -handsomest
    -happy                         -happier                                -happiest


2.Ciri kata yang mendapat penambahan "more dan most"
   a. Kata itu terdiri dari dua suku kata atau lebih.
     Positive                      Comparative                       Superlative
     -arrogant                     -more arrogant                   -most arrogant
     -Cruel                          -more cruel                          -most cruel